A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species produced in fish farming are carp, catfish, salmon and tilapia.
Global demand is increasing for dietary fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries, resulting in significant decrease in fish stocks and even complete depletion in some regions. Fish farming allows establishment of artificial fish colonies that are provided with sufficient feeding, protection from natural predators and competitive threats, access to veterinarian service, and easier harvesting when needed, while being separate from and thus do not usually impact the sustainable yields of wild fish populations. While fish farming are practised worldwide, China alone provides 62 per cent of the world's farmed fish production.
Generally, a fishery is an entity engaged in raising or harvesting fish which is determined by some authority to be a fishery. According to the FAO, a fishery is typically defined in terms of the people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method of fishing, class of boats, purpose of the activities or a combination of the foregoing features . The definition often includes a combination of fish and fishers in a region, the latter fishing for similar species with similar gear types.
A fishery may involve the capture of wild fish or raising fish through fish farming or aquaculture. Directly or indirectly, the livelihood of over 500 million people in developing countries depends on fisheries and aquaculture. Overfishing, including the taking of fish beyond sustainable levels, is reducing fish stocks and employment in many world regions.
Fisheries provide about 260 million full-time and part-time jobs globally with seafood products a critical export for developing nations.
Millions of people could lose their livelihoods, food source, and be forced from their homes if the world does not meet the Paris goal to curb global warming which is endangering fish numbers, Canadian researchers said recently.
Overfishing is particularly bad in parts of the developing world where many people already struggle to get enough nutritious food to eat
A third of the world's oceans are overfished and fish consumption is at an all-time high, raising fears over the sustainability of a key source of protein for millions around the world, the United Nations warned in a report in July last year.
Overfishing is particularly bad in parts of the developing world where many people already struggle to get enough nutritious food to eat, the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) report said.
"There's too much pressure on marine resources and we need significantly more commitments from governments to improve the state of their fisheries," said Manuel Barange, director of the FAO fisheries and aquaculture department.
We predict that Africa will have to import fish in the future and that shortages could lead to higher prices, disproportionately affecting the poor.
Africa ought to boost efforts to stimulate growth in the aquaculture sector are beginning to pay off as more African countries embrace technology to boost yields. To attain maximum productivity often means the establishment of capital-intensive large-scale ventures in an environment where sources of financing are few. Unlike elsewhere in the world where booming business out of aquaculture is happening, the sector in Africa is still lagging behind despite the increasing demand for fish. The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) issued a declaration stating that fish farming in Africa will have to expand by 250 per cent in the next decade just to maintain the present per capita consumption on the continent.
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